Federal and Provincial Laws

Both federal and provincial laws regulate fishing in Ontario.

The main federal law with respect to fishing is the Fisheries Act, which protects and conserves fish and fish habitat. The Fisheries Act also regulates such things as fishing seasons, catch and possession limits, size limits, allowable gear and fish sanctuaries.

The Fish and Wildlife Conservation Act is the main provincial law regulating fishing. Fishing licences are issued under this act.

The penalties for fisheries-related offences can be up to $1,000,000 or three years imprisonment, or both, depending on the Act and the severity of the offence.

Conservation Officers

Conservation Officers have powers of inspection, arrest, search and seizure under the various statutes they enforce, including the Fish and Wildlife Conservation Act and the Fisheries Act. When carrying out their duties Conservation Officers may do the following:

• Stop and inspect a vehicle, boat or aircraft
• Ask questions relevant to the inspection
• Enter onto private property in the discharge of their duties 
• Inspect buildings or other places
• Search with a warrant
• Search without a warrant in circumstances requiring immediate action Require the assistance of persons to complete an inspection of coolers and containers 
• Seize items related to an offence
• Arrest anyone the Conservation Officer believes has committed, is committing, or is about to commit an offence.

Police Officers appointed under the Police Services Act, RCMP Officers, National Wildlife Officers, National Park Wardens and Conservation Officers of all border states and provinces are designated Conservation Officers in Ontario.